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Genotype x Environment Interaction for Carbon Isotope Discrimination in Spring Wheat

Dep. of Soil Science
Crop Development Centre
Dep. of Soil Science, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

^* Corresponding author (matus{at}usask.sask.ca).

Carbon isotope discrimination (CID) has been proposed as a parameter to indirectly select for improved transpiration efficiency (W) and grain yield in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Little information exists on the genotype x environment (G x E) interaction for CID in spring wheat. Therefore, to determine the magnitude of the G x E interaction for CID eight spring wheat genotypes were grown at five locations in both 1992 and 1993 in Saskatchewan, Canada. In addition, we measured genetic variability for CID and the magnitude of the phenotypic correlation between grain yield and CID. Samples were collected for CID determination from leaves at flowering, mature leaves, and mature kernels. The genotype x location (G x L) interaction for CID traits was non-significant. The significant genotype x year (G x Y) interaction for CID of mature leaves was a crossover type interaction, due to the genotype ‘Lakhish’. The crossover genotype x location x year (G x L x Y) interaction for grain yield and the significant G x L x Y interaction for CID of leaves at flowering was at least partially due to the erratic response of the genotypes ‘Genesis’, ‘Oslo’, ‘AC Minto’, and Lakhish. Genotypic differences for CID of leaves at flowering and CID of mature leaves were not significant. However, wheat genotypes differed in CID of kernels. The phenotypic correlations between grain yield and the three CID traits were not significant. These results suggest that among our selected sample of eight genotypes CID of leaves at flowering, CID of mature leaves, and CID of kernels could not be used to indirectly select for grain yield.

Received for publication December 11, 1995.