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Association of Elevated Stearate with Agronomic and Seed Traits of Soybean

Dep. of Agronomy
Dep. of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011

^* Corresponding author (wfehr{at}iastate.edu).

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes with elevated stearate content in the seed oil may be useful for food and industrial applications. The objective of this study was to determine the association of elevated stearate with agronomic and seed traits of soybean. Two high-yielding cultivars with normal stearate content of 40 g kg^–1 were crossed to lines with the genotype fasa fasa that had an elevated stearate content of >200 g kg^–1. From each of the two populations, 75 F₃- or F₅-derived lines that ranged in stearate content from 40 to 230 g kg^–1 were selected for replicated testing at two locations in Iowa during 1993 and 1994. There were significant differences between the means of the elevated and normal stearate lines for seed yield, maturity, lodging, plant height, and content of protein, oil, palmitate, oleate, linoleate, and linolenate. The coefficients obtained from the linear regression of mean seed yield of the lines on their mean stearate content were negative and significant. Although the fasa allele generally had a negative influence on seed yield across a range of elevated stearate contents, there were lines with elevated stearate contents that were not significantly different in seed yield than the highest yielding line in the population. The results indicated that it may be possible to develop cultivars with the fasa fasa genotype that have acceptable seed yield and moderately elevated stearate content.

Received for publication December 4, 1995.

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