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Genetic Gain in Soybean Populations with Different Percentages of Plant Introduction Parentage

Dep. of Agronomy, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011

^* Corresponding author (wfehr{at}iastate.edu).

Plant introductions (PIs) can be used to increase the genetic diversity of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] populations. A recurrent selection program was initiated to determine if populations with PI parentage would exhibit greater genetic gain for seed yield than a population with no PI parentage. The objective of our study was to evaluate the genetic gain for seed yield and correlated responses in maturity and lodging from three cycles of recurrent selection in five soybean populations, AP10 to AP14, formed with different percentages of PI parentage. The percentages of PI parentage were 100% in AP10, 75% in AP11, 50% in AP12, 25% in AP13, and 0% in AP14. In each cycle, 200 F₄-derived lines for each population were evaluated and the 20 highest yielding lines were chosen as parents for the next cycle. For our study, the 20 parents of Cycles 1, 2, and 3 were grown in a randomized complete-block design at three Iowa locations. There was a significant (P < 0.01) linear increase in seed yield for all populations across the three cycles. The gain from selection for seed yield was 153 kg ha^–1 (5.4%) cycle^–1 for AP14, 80 (2.8%) for AP13, 85 (3.1%) for AP12, 54 (2.0%) for AP11, and 66 (2.5%) for AP10. AP14 had the highest mean yield of the parents of each cycle and the highest yielding parent of each cycle. A significant linear increase in mean days to maturity was observed in all populations, except AP13. Lodging scores exhibited a significant linear decrease in AP10 and AP13, but no significant response was observed in the other three populations. The results indicated that after three cycles of selection, Pis used to form AP10 to AP13 did not increase genetic gain for seed yield compared with AP14 that was developed from only adapted cultivars and experimental lines.

Received for publication October 20, 1995.

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