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Effect of a 1R(1D) Chromosome Substitution on Two Spring Wheat Cultivars

Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
Plant Science Res. Unit, USDA-ARS, 411 Borlaug Hall, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
Plant Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Curtis Hall, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211

^* Corresponding author (busch005{at}maroon.tc.umn.edu).

The effect of a 1R(1D) chromosomal substitution on the spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Wheaton and Marshall was studied to determine if the yield advantage, found in preliminary trials with ‘Anza’ in California, would be expressed in different environments and genetic backgrounds. Three experiments were conducted at two locations in Minnesota, from 1989 through 1991, with populations with and without the rye chromosome substitution developed in each cultivar background: (i) F₂ derived F₆ bulks; (ii) F₄ derived random lines; and (iii) paired F₆ lines derived from the same F₃ plant. Although, frequently, test weight was the only trait significantly reduced by the presence of the substitution, the 1R(1D) bulks and lines also tended to have lower grain yield but higher grain protein content. In Experiments 2 and 3, the 1R(1D) lines tended to have shorter vegetative cycle and taller plants. Kernel weight was rarely affected by the substitution, but when there was an effect, it was increased. Considerable genetic variability among bulks and lines within the 1R(1D) and normal wheat groups in all the populations was observed. This allowed the identification of 1R(1D) lines that were similar to the parental check cultivars for grain yield. The random lines detected effects of the rye chromosome substitution with most resolution, probably because the lines were more homogeneous than the bulks and more random lines were tested than paired lines.

Received for publication September 12, 1994.