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Published in Crop Sci 34:684-690 (1994)
© 1994 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Genetic Variation for Fiber Properties in Elite Pee Dee Cotton Populations

O. Lloyd May* and Cynthia C. Green

USDA-ARS, Coastal Plains Soil, Water, and Plant Research Center, P.O. Box 3039, Florence, SC, 29502-3039
Delta and Pine Land Co., P.O. Box 1529, Hartsville, SC, 29550.

* Corresponding author.

Knowledge of heritability and type fo genetic variation invlved in the expresion of fiber traits would facilitate further improvement of coton fiber properties. A 4 x 4 Design II mating was employed to estimate magnitude and tpe of genetic variation controlling fiber traits in populations derived from crossing elite Pee Dee cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) parents. Significant genetic variation was found for 2.5 and 50% span length (SL), fiber length uniformity ration (UR), fiber strength (T1), fiber elongation, and micronaire (MIC). Mating design variances from the F2, F3, and F4 generations of the Design II were resolved into estimates of additive, dominance, and additive epistatic variance for the fiber properties. Dominance genetic variance was greater than additive genetic variance for all of the fiber traits. Additive epistatic variance was detected for 2.5% SL, UR, and MIC. Low single-plant heritability for all fiber traits suggested that alternatives to a pedigree generation advance beginning with F2 plant selection be considered. Evaluation of F2 bulk populations with a low selection intensity was adequate to identify populations with superior fiber traits. Less than half of the offspring of the top 10% of F3 lines with highest T1 were in the 10% of F4 lines with highest yarn strength (YS). Additionally, the correlation betwen T1 and YS among 283 unselected F4 lines was only 0.25 (p < 0.05). Maximum progress in improving YS may require selection for traits in addition to T1 or for components of YS not measured by the standard fiber properties.

Received for publication June 25, 1993.


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