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Alien Cytoplasmic Effects on Agronomic Performance of Two High-Yielding Semidwarf Spring Wheat Cultivars

Plant Sci. Res. Unit, USDA-ARS
Dep. of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, 411 Borlaug Hall, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108

^* Corresponding author.

The nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with two of its relatives [T. macha L. and Triticum dicoccoides (Koern. ex Asch. & Graebner) Aarons.] were studied to determine the effect of the foreign cytoplasm on agronomic traits. Two high-yielding, semidwarf spring cultivars were crossed reciprocally with one cytoplasm source each of T. macha and T. dicoccoides to produce four populations with both alloplasmic random lines and euplasmic random lines. Previous reports on these cytoplasm sources were based on the performance of backcross lines in which the recurrent parents were low-yielding, normal height cultivars released in the 1950s and 1960s. Between 30 and 60 random F₄-derived F₆ lines from all populations were grown in five environments in Minnesota from 1986 through 1988. Grain yield, days to head emergence, and plant height were measured in each environment. No significant differences were detected between alloplasmic lines and euplasmic lines for the measured traits in any population. This was in contrast to an earlier report that T. macha cytoplasm increased grain yield in the backcross lines of an old normal height cultivar. Diversity for cytoplasm apparently caused little or no change in normal agronomic performance when using these sources of alien cytoplasm.

Received for publication May 13, 1993.