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Selection for Gluten Strength in Three.Durum Wheat Crosses

Agriculture Canada, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2
Agriculture Canada, Winnepeg, MB R3C 2M9

^* Corresponding author.

Strong gluten in durum (Triticum turgidum L. var durum) semolina is desirable for manufacture of pasta, so estimates of gluten strength are used as selection criteria in breeding programs. Gliadin band 45 (gli 45) is associated with high gluten strength, while band 42 (gli 42) is associated with weaker gluten. Our objective was to compare prediction Of gluten strength in early generations by means of the sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) sedimentation test with the method using giladin electrophoresis banding pattern. The methods assist in elimination of undesirable lines, thereby reducing the cost of testing for yield and other traits. Three single crosses were made among four parents, one of which (‘Wascana’) carries the allele for gli 42, while the others carry the g!i 45 allele. Spaced F₂ plants were grown in the field in !990, and F₂-derived F₄ lines were grown in 1991 on an Aridic HapIoborall soil. Gluten strength was predicted by SDS sedimentation, and gliadin bands were identified by a monoclonal antibody (MAb) on seed from single F₂ plants. The SDS sedimentation test was repeated on seed harvested from F₄ lines, and efficacy of the two methods was compared. Heritability of SDS sedimentation ranged from 0.57 to 0.68 for the three crosses. Elimination of F₂ lines carrying gli 42 reduced the population size by up to 44%, and increased (P < 0.01) mean sedimentation of the F₄ by 0.3 to 0.6 cm compared with the unselected populations. Retention of lines homozygous for glie 45 further !ncreased (P < 0.01) F₄ sedimentation, and was not different from selection for F₂ sedimentation at an intensity of 20%. The MAb test is faster and less costly than the SDS-sedimentation test. We recommend the MAb test for initial screening, followed by the SDSsedimentation test on selected F₂ plants.

Received for publication October 1, 1991.