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Backcross (BC₂-BC₄)-Derived Fertile Plants from Glycine max and G. tomentella Intersubgeneric Hybrids

Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Illinois, 1102 South Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801

^* Corresponding author.

Wild perennial relatives of the soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] have not been utilized to broaden the genetic base of the crop. This study provides information on production, morphology, cytology, and breeding behavior of backcross (BC₂ to BC₄)-derived fertile plants from soybean (2n = 40, genome GG) and G. tomentella Hayata (2n = 78, genome DDEE). The main hurdle was to obtain BC~ plants (G. max cv. Altona) x (G. tomentella, Pl 483218)] F₁, 2n = 59, genome GDE colchicine treatment (CT) 2n = 118, GGDDEE x soybean cv. Clark 63 BC₁, 2,n = 76 (expected 2n = 79). Three sterile BC₂ plants (2n = 58, 2n = 56, 2n = 55) were produced. Procedures for immature seed-rescue were utilized to obtain F, amphiploid, BC₁ and BC₂ plants. Soybean cv. Clark 63 was used as the recurrent parent in the backcrossing programs. The range of chromosome number among BC₃ plants was 2n = 41 to 2n = 52, and among BC₄ plants was 2n = 40 to 64. A hypertriploid (2n = 64) in BC₄ plant originated after fertilization of an unreduced egg (n = 44) by a normal haploid (n = 20) male gamete. Phenotypes of BC3 and BC4 plants were dissimilar but generally resembled closely to the soybean cv. Clark 63. We expect to isolate a series of aneuploid lines from BC₃ to BC₆ generations that may open up the path to introgress desired traits from wild perennial Glycine species to the cultivated soybean.

Received for publication September 30, 1992.

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