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Barley Semidwarf and Standard Isotype Yield and Malting Quality Response to Nitrogen

Dep. of Crop and Soil Sciences, College of Agric. and Home Econ., Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164

^* Corresponding author.

Introduction of certain semidwarf genes into wheat (Triticum spp.) has improved N-use efficiency, particularly at high N supply. This study was conducted to determine whether yield and grain quality differ between standard height (STD) and mutant semidwarf (SD) malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) isotypes with varying levels of N supply. Isotype pairs (‘Morex’, ‘Hazen’, ‘Norbert’, and ‘Andre’) and check cultivars (Steptoe, Klages) were grown with 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg N ha^–1 in 1987 and 1989. Yield, grain characteristics, and malting quality parameters were evaluated. The STD isotypes had higher yield (6781 vs. 5642 and 5202 vs. 4504 kg ha^–1 in 1987 and 1989, respectively) and generally higher values for yield components and harvest index, as well as better grain quality than their respective SD isotypes; however, two-row SD isotypes had better malting quality than their STD isotypes. The generally superior performance of STD isotypes in part may be due to the SD isotypes being raw induced mutants that had not been improved by crossing. Malting quality parameters, such as total malt protein and malt extract, were affected negatively by N >60 kg ha^–1, when the preceding crop was pea (Pisum sativum L.; high N); however, for yield and some malt quality parameters such as diastatic power, all genotypes responded significantly and positively to N fertilization when the preceding crop was barley (low N). In general, the response to N was similar for both barley types. As SD malting barley cultivars are developed to control lodging, they may not utilize more N or yield more than STD types.

Received for publication March 20, 1992.