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Leaf Emergence, Tiller Growth, and Apical Development of Nitrogen-Dificient Spring Wheat

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, the Univ. of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth 6009, WA, Australia
147 Shelford Road, Cambridge CB2 2nd England
Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, the Univ. of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth 6009, WA, Australia

^* Corresponding author

Conflicting reports exist about the effect of N supply on the rate of leaf emergence. We examined effects of N deficiency on leaf and tiller emergence, tiller initiation and apical development in ‘Aroona’ and ‘Gamenya’ spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Four levels of N (e.g., 50 µM N = N₅₀) were supplied by hourly irrigation with complete nutrient solution of plants growing in sand. The control plants in Exp. 1 (N₁₆₀₀) had 64 g kg^-1 N intheshoots at the two-leaf stag e, compared with 33 in N₅₀, 50 in N₃₀₀, and 58 in N₈₀₀. Compared with control plants, dry matter of N₅₀ plants was 10%, N₃₀₀ 50%, and N₈₀₀ 80%. Results in Exp. 2 were similar. The rate of leaf emergence was decreased in all N₅₀-treated and some N₂₀₀-treated plants, but not or N₃₀₀-treated plants. Tiller bud initiation was decreased in the treatment. The number of tiller buds was correlated with total number of leaves; if a leaf emerged, N deficiency did not affect tiller initiation. Nitrogen treatment did not alter the sequence of tiller emergence, but tiller emergence was delayed or did not occur in N₅₀, N₂₀₀, and N₃₀₀ plants. Nitrogen treatment had little effect on the rate of apical development. The double-ridge stage of development was delayed 2 d for both cultivars at the two lowest N treatments. Terminal spikelet production was also delayed by 2 d at these N treatments in Aroona, but not in Gamenya spring wheat. The rate of primordia initiation was decreased in N₅₀ and N₃₀₀ plants, resulting in fewer spikelet primordia. The level of N deficiency affected plant response to the stress.

Received for publication June 20, 1991.

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