Crop Science Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education
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Published in Crop Sci 33:137-144 (1993)
© 1993 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Parameter Estimation for Predicting Flowering Date of Soybean Cultivars

Sadi S. Grimm, James W. Jones*, Kenneth J. Boote and John D. Hesketh

EPAGRI/SC, Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Difusao de Tecnologia de Santa Catarina S.A., Caixa Postal 502, 88001 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
Agric. Engineering Dep.
Agronomy Dep., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, Brazil
Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801.

* Corresponding author

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growth and yield models depend on good predictions of phenological events such as flowering. Parameters for predicting flowering date of 12 cultivars were estimated for various development-rate models. Date of flowering is predicted by accumulating a daily rate of development, which depends on night length and temperature, until a threshold is reached. Daily development rate is computed by a multiplicative relationship containing two functions: one for describing the variation in development rate with night length under optimal temperature and the other describing variation with temperature under optimal night length. There were 39 to 115 year-location-sowing date combinations for each cultivar, covering latitudes from 18°03' to 45°25' N lat. The downhill simplex method was used to estimate phenological parameters for each cultivar by minimizing the error sum of squares between observed and simulated flowering dates. Many formulations of the development-rate model were compared. Linear-plateau functions for both night length and temperature effects provided the best fit and yielded the most consistent results. The root mean squarerror between observed and simulated dates of flowering ranged from 3.45 to 5.28 d. Correlation coefficients between observed and simulated days from sowing to flowering varied from 0.987 to 0.841, with a decreasing trend from late toward early-maturity cultivars. There was a clear difference among cultivars with respect to night-length sensitivity, but a similaresponse to temperature.

Partial financial support provided by the CNPq, Brazilian Council for Cientific and Technological Development and EPAGRI/SC.

Received for publication May 4, 1992.


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