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Relative Fiber Uniformity between Parent and F₁ and F₂ Generations in Cotton

Texas A&M Univ. Agric. Res. and Ext. Ctr., Rt. 3, Box 219, Lubbock, Texas 79401

^* Corresponding author.

Hybrids (F₂) of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) reportedly offer improved seedling vigor, disease tolerance, and yield for this major crop of the Texas High Plains but raise concern about increased fiber property variability. Our objective was to compare fiber variability in the F₂ generation with that in pure lines and in F₁ hybrid cultivars. A four-parent complete diallel mating system using lines with similar and divergent fiber types resulted in 28 treatments: 4 parents, 12 F₁ hybrids, and 12 F₂ hybrids. The variance (converted to base 10 logarithm) of 10 plants in each treatment was analyzed by a randomized block design analysis of variance with three blocks. Subsets of the treatments (parents, F₁'s , and F₂'s) and orthogonal contrasts (parents vs. F₁ and F₂, F₁ vs. F₂; parents and F₁ vs. F₂, wide F₁ vs. wide F₂ [fineness]; wide F₁ vs. narrow F₁, wide F₂ vs. narrow F₂ [fineness]; wide F₁ vs. narrow F₁, wide F₂ vs. narrow F₂ [length/strength]) were analyzed. When environmental influence is high, strength and standard fineness show more variability in the F₂ than in the F₁ hybrid. The higher variability for strength and standard fineness disappears when environmental influence is minimal; the variability that does occur, both in the F₁ hybrid and in the F₂ hybrid, appears to be a function of original parental variability, especially for fiber fineness or agronomic properties. When original parental variability was low and the strength and standard fineness of the two parents were similar, fiber variability in the F₂ hybrid was not greater than variability on a single plant in any generation.

Received for publication March 18, 1991.

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