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Published in Crop Sci 31:1480-1483 (1991)
© 1991 Crop Science Society of America
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Evaluation of Heterotic Patterns among Caribbean and Tropical x Temperate Maize Populations

L. M. Pollak*

Field Crops Res. Unit, USDA-ARS, Dep. of Agronomy, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011

S. Torres-Cardona and A. Sotomayor-Rios

USDA-ARS, Tropical Agric. Res. Stn., Mayaguez, PR 00709.

* Corresponding author.

The integration of tropical maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm into template breeding programs has been difficult and slow. More information on performance of temperate x tropical populations and their heterotic combinations is needed. This study was conducted to compare heterotic patterns among four populations. Two, a Caribbean flint and a Caribbean dent, are useful in the tropics and have potential for temperate areas; the other two are temperate x tropical populations adapted to the tropics. The four populations, their diallel crosses and reciprocals, and a commercial hybrid check were grown in two locations in Puerto Rico during two winter-season environments. The best heterotic combination among the four populations was between the Caribbean flint and dent. The best-yielding population per se was the temperate x tropical population of Reid (Group B) heterotic pattern. The Caribbean flint population had highly significant negative maternal effects for yield. Both reciprocal crosses of the temperate x tropical populations were low yielding. The results indicated that, for temperature breeding programs, both Caribbean populations should be useful for improving Corn Belt maize.

Joint contribution of USDA-ARS and Journal Paper no. J-14188 of the Iowa Agric. and Home Econ. Exp. Stn., Project no. 2778.

Received for publication November 13, 1990.




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