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Carbon Dioxide Effects on Potato Growth under Different Photoperiods and Irradiance

NASA Biomedical Operations and Res. Office, Mail Code MD-RES, Kennedy Space Ctr., FL 32899
Dep. of Horticulture, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706

^* Corresponding author.

Carbon dioxide concentration can exert a strong influence on plant growth, but this influence can vary depending on irradiance. To study this, potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars ‘Norland’, ‘Russet Burbank’, and ‘Denali’ were grown in controlled-environment rooms at different levels of CO₂ and irradiance. Carbon dioxide levels were maintained either at 350 or 1000 µmol mo1^–1 and applied in combination with 12- or 24-h photoperieds at 400 or 800 µmol m^–2 s^–1 photosynthetic photon flux. Air temperatures and relative humidity were held constant at 16 °C and 70%, respectively, and plants were harvested 90 d after planting. When averaged across all cultivars, CO₂ enrichment increased tuber yield and total plant dry weight by 39 and 34%, respectively, under a 12-h photoperied at 400 µmol m^–2 s^–1; 27 and 19% under 12 h at 800 µmol m^–2 s^–1; 9 and 9% under 24 h at 400 µmol m^–2 s^–1. It decreased dry weights by 9 and 9% under 24 h at 800 µmol m^–2 s^–1. Tuber yield of Denali showed the greatest increase (21%) in response to increased CO₂ across all irradiance treatments, while tuber yields of Russet Bur-bank and Norland were increased 18 and 9%, respectively. The results show a pattern of greater plant growth from CO₂ enrichment under lower PPF and a short photoperiod.

Received for publication June 14, 1990.

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