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Interactions among Loci Conferring Photoperiod Insensitivity for Heading Time in Spring Barley

335 Encine Ave., Davis, CA 95616
Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, Alabama A&M Univ., Normal, AL 35762
CIMMYT, Lisboa 27, Apdo. Postal 6-641, Mexico 06600 06600 D.F., Mexico

^* Corresponding author.

The inheritance of extreme earliness for heading time, as measured by days to awn appearance (DAA), in ‘Super Precoz (2H)’ (SP), a photoperiod-insensitive spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), was investigated in field studies under short daylengths at Davis, CA, and Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico, to obtain additional information on gene action. The DAA data from parental, F₁, F₂, F₃, and F₄ generations indicated that extreme earliness in SP was conferred by a single locus when homozygous recessive. Data from 75 F₃ families evaluated for DAA in a field study and by starch gel electrophoresis of seedling-plumule extracts indicated that the locus conferring extreme earliness was linked to Est 1 and Est 3 on the long arm of Chromosome 3 with 2% recombination. The locus was assigned gene symbol Ea_sp. The dominant allele Easp suppressed the recessive allele ea_sp and permitted the expression of other unidentified Ea loci conferring relative lateness. Allelism tests indicated recessive epistatic interactions between the Ea_sp locus and the Ea_k and Ea₇ loci. The ea_sp recessive homozygote suppressed numerous other Ea maturity loci and headed earlier than the other three recessive homozygotes (i.e., ea_k, ea₇, or ea_c), which were phenotypically similar.

Received for publication October 6, 1989.

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