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Recurrent Selection for Protein Yield of Oat

Asgrow Seed Co., 1060 E. Hwy. 14, RR 1, Janesville, WI 53546

K. J. Frey

Dep. of Agronomy, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011.

*Corresponding author.

Grain yield and protein concentration may be inherited independently in oat, suggesting that both of these traits can be utilized to enhance protein yield. Techniques and procedures have been developed that allow the testing of S₁ lines of oat (Arena sateva L .) for protein yield. Each cycle of selection takes I yr. This study was conducted to evaluate three cycles of recurrent selection for increasing groat-protein yield in three oat populations.Four oat lines selected for high grain yield were cross to 10 high-protein lines to form the initial CO population. Selection applied to S_O2(S₀₂ equals S₀-derivered S₂ lines;S₀ = F2)lines from CO for protein yield provided parents to form three populations (i.e., lines of descent). The lines of descent with high grain yield(HG)and high protein content (HP) were initiated with five parents each, and the one with high protein yield per se (HGP)was intiated with the 10 lines used for HG and HP.U poinn termatin3g0, 0S Oali nes weree valuatepde r line of descent, and 20 lines were selected for high protein yield. The C1 through C3 methodology consisted of intermating 20 selectionis in a partial diallet, growing the resulting S_o plants in the greenhouse, and evaluating 300 S_o-a1 lines in the field. for each line of descent, random samples of lines from the CO, CI, and C2; the parents from all cycles;a set of checks; and 300 lines from C3 were evaluated to estimate gain from selection. There was a significant linear increase in great-protein yield of 27±3 kg ha^-1 in HP and 21 ± 2 kg ha^-1 in HG and HGP. Heritabilities ranged from 0.41 to 0.59 in CO to C3,and genetic variances remained high and significant. Groat-protein yields of the best lines in C3 were higher than those of the best CO lines. Several lines had both high groat-protein yield and acceptable agronomic performance. The results indicate that S₀₁ line recurrent selection can be effective for rapidly improving an oat population for the trait under election without losses in performance for other traits.

Received for publication August 3, 1989.