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Inheritance Studies and Clonal Fingerprinting with Isoenzymes in Sugarbeet

Dep. of Crop and Soil Sciences
USDA-ARS, Crops and Entomology Res., Dep. of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824-1325

^* Corresponding author.

Isoenzyme studies are useful in expanding knowledge and application of crop genetics with regard to linkage relationships and the distribution of variation. This study was conducted within a limited sample of Beta vulgaris L. germplasm to explore leaf isoenzyme variability for use in clonal fingerprinting in addition to inheritance and linkage relationships. Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis employing either of two buffer systems was utilized, followed by multiple enzyme-specific staining for eight enzymes. A diverse germplasm sample consisting of 31 clones of B. vulgaris (28 sugarbeet, one chard, one mangel, and one table beet) and one of B. lomatogona Fischer & C. Meyer, was zymogrammed. Both F₁ and F₂ progeny from several clones were evaluated for inheritance and linkage. Five previously unreported loci were identified (Mdh2, Mdh3, Mdh4, Mdh5, and Skdh1). An additional locus (Pgi1) is proposed; it had normal F₁ but skewed F₂ ratios explainable by linkage to the self-compatibility locus. Loci Pgm1, Pgi1, and Mdh1 were found to segregate independently from each other and from the B (flowering habit) and R (basic betalain factor) loci. Evidence for two further loci, Me1 and Me2, also was obtained. Pollen possessed activity for only 4 of the 10 loci studied. The ability to distinguish clones on the basis of zymograms for seven enzyme systems was demonstrated. Enough variation was found in isoenzyme mobility to be useful in future sugarbeet genetic research.

Received for publication August 21, 1989.

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