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Tolerance to Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus in Triticale

Dép. de Phytologie, Univ. Laval, Québec, Canada, G1K 7P4
Agriculture Canada Res. Stn., Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada, G1V 2J3

^* Corresponding author.

There is considerable genetic variability for tolerance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) in triticale (x Triticosecale rimpani Wittm.); however, nothing has been published previously about the nature of this genetic tolerance. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic basis for tolerance to BYDV in three crosses of the spring parental triticale lines Z-9, tolerant (T); 'Beagle', moderately tolerant; and ‘Mapache’, sensitive (S); and in three crosses of the winter lines ‘OAC Wintri’ (T), GWT-112 (T), and GWT-133 (S). For each cross, six generations (P₁, P₂, F₁, F₂, F₁, x P₁, and F₁ x P₂) were evaluated in two environments in the presence and absence of artificial inoculation of Cloutier isolate (PAY type) of BYDV carried by Rhopalosiphum padi. The spring triticale lines were evaluated at two different sites, and the winter lines were evaluated in an unheated tunnel-shaped commercial greenhouse structure and in the field. The studies showed that tolerance to BYDV in triticale is heritable. Generation means analysis for visual symptoms, and for biomass yield, height, and number of tillers expressed as percentage of control showed that genetic effects differed according to the cross and to the character studied. Important additive effects were found in the Z-9 x Beagle and Wintri x GWT-133 crosses, but no significant genetic effect could be detected in the Wintri x GWT-112 cross. The lack of fit of the additive-dominance model (including environment interactions) indicated the presence of more complex epistatic genetic effects, and possibly epistatic x environment interaction effects in the other crosses.

Received for publication May 15, 1989.