Crop Science Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education
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Published in Crop Sci 30:588-593 (1990)
© 1990 Crop Science Society of America
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Polyploid Stenotaphrum Germplasm: Resistance to the Polyploid Damaging Population Southern Chinch Bug

Philip Busey*

Fort Lauderdale Res. and Education Ctr., Univ. of Florida, 3205 College Ave., Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314

* Corresponding author.

‘Floratam’ St. Augustinegruss [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] has been widely used in lawns because of its resistance to the southern chinch bug (Blissus insularis Barber). The southern chinch bug adapted genetically to Floratam and seriously damaged this cultivar within 12 yr after release. The Floratam-adapted southern chinch bug has been described as the polyploid damaging population (PDP), because polyploid germplasm had previously shown resistance. This study examined polyploid germplusm for resistance to the PDP southern chinch bug. Stenotaphrum clones were bioassayed by confining stolon cuttings with PDP southern chinch bugs from different regions. Resistant clones were detected based on reduced southern chinch bug longevity, oviposition rate, and excrement production, compared with Floratam. The most resistant clones were PI 365031, a pembagrass [S. dimidiatum (L.) Brongn.], and FX-2, FX-10, and FX-33 (intercrusses of polyploid S. secundatum from Africa). They supported low PDP southern chinch bug oviposition (≤5 eggs female-1 wk-1 and ≤25 eggs lifetime-1). Resistance of FX-33 was verified against PDP southern chinch bugs (representing laboratory colonies and field recollections) in mated pairs and congregations, and against southern chinch bugs that had received different prior food sources. Both FX-33 and FX-10 typified the African polyploid St. Augustinegrass germplasm by having 2n = 30 chromosomes, bivalent pairing at metaphase I, good crossed seed set, and abundant laminar hairs.

Contribution of the Florida Agric. Exp. Stn., Journal Series R-00013. Research supported in part by grant no. 87162-C from the Florida Turfgrass Res. Foundation, in cooperation with the Turfgrass Producers Assoc. of Florida.

Received for publication July 24, 1989.




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Copyright © 1990 by the Crop Science Society of America.