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Adjusting the Phenology of Determinate Soybean Segregants Grown at High Latitude

Res. Stn., Agric. Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1
Plant Res. Ctr., Agric. Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6
Dep. of Crop Science, Univ. of Guelph, Guelph N1G 2W1, Canada

^* Corresponding author.

Breeding for determinate (dt₁) cnltivars has been proposed as a way of reducing lodging in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. However, determinate lines having maturity, acceptable for high latitude areas often exhibit insufficient plant height. The possibility of obtaining early-maturing, nondwarf determinate soybean ptaats by using a combination of alleles at loci controlling stem termination and maturity was explored. Progeny test data for the E₁ maturity locus of six experimental lines indicated that the indeterminate Evans-e₃, Harosoy-e₃, X2403 (Evans-e₃e₄), and X2396 (Harosoy-e₃e₄) homozygous for e₁, whereas the determinate PI 317334A and PI 445831 are homozygous for E₁. PI 445831 and PI 317334A (both homozygous for e₃ e₄) wereach crossed to Evans-e₃ real Harosoy-e₃ (both homozygous for e₃ E₄) and to X2403 and X2396 (both homozygous for e₃ e₄). Days to RI and R7 stages, recorded in eight populations of F₂ plants grown in the field at Ottawa (45° 25' N, 75° 42' W), revealed that phenotypes were generated across a large array of maturities in populations where the E₁ and E₄ loci jointly segregated. The E_l and E₄ loci did not act ndditively on flowering and maturity in plants homozygous for e₃. As a result of this nonadditive effect, early-maturing determinate phenotypes adapted to the short growing season of the latitude were isolated in populations derived from PI 317334A. These genotypes were not dwarf and their putative genotype is E₁E₁ e₃e₃ e₄e₄ dt₁dt₁.

Received for publication May 22, 1989.

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