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Genetics of Photoperiod Sensitivity and Critical Daylength in Rice

Rice Res. Ctr., Phrae, Thailand

D. J. Mackill^* and B. S. Vergara

Int. Rice Res. Inst., P.O. Box 933, Manila, Philippines

^* Corresponding author.

Photoperiod sensitivity is an important breeding objective for rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in unfavorable environments. A study was conducted with potted plants in the screenhouse to determine the inheritance of photoperiod sensitivity and date of flowering (critical daylength). The cultivars used were: IR58, a short duration photoperiod-insensitive cultivar; IR26760-27, a long duration line with a slight response to photoperiod; Nam Sagui 19 (NS19), a weakly photoperiod-sensitive cultivar; and Sac Nau (SN) and Puang Rai (PR2), strongly photoperiod-sensitive cultivars. The regression coefficient for days to flowering on seeding date for the parents ranged from 0.07 in insensitive IR58 to –0.64 in strongly sensitive PR2. In F₂ populations, sensitivity ranged from nondominant to partially dominant, except in IR26760-27 x NS19, where sensitivity was overdominant. Two complementary, partially dominant genes conditioned photoperiod sensitivity. Highly sensitive PR2 and SN had partially dominant alleles for photoperiod sensitivity at both loci; NS19 had the partially dominant allele at the major photoperiod-sensitivity locus (Se-1) and IR 26760-27 had the partially dominant allele at the locus designated Se-3(t). The locus Se-3(t) conferred a short critical daylength to genotypes with Se-1, making them more photoperiod sensitive.

Received for publication June 22, 1988.

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