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Yield Losses Caused by Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus in Maize

USDA-ARS, Crop Sci. Res. Lab., Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS 39762

L. L. Darrah and J. R. Wallin

USDA-ARS, Crop Production Lab., Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211

D. R. West

Dep. of Plant and Soil Sci., Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37901

J. K. Knoke and R. Louie

USDA-ARS, Ohio Res. and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691

R. T. Gudauskas, A. J. Bockholt, V. D. Damsteegt and J. K. Uyemoto

Dep. of Plant Path., Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL 36849
Dep. of Soil Sci., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843
USDA-ARS, Plant Disease Res. Lab., Frederick, MD 21701
Dep. of Plant Path., Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506

^* Corresponding author.

Maize dwarf mosaic (MDM) is a virus disease of maize (Zea mays L.) that causes yield reductions. The objective of this study was to determine yield losses caused by maized warm fosaic virus strain A (MDMV-A) in susceptible maize hybrids grown over a wide range of environmental conditions. Plants inoculated with MDMV-A were compared with noninoculated plants in the years 1981 to 1984 at various locations within the USA. Inoculation levels were 100% in 1981; 33, 67, and 100% in 1982; and 50 and 100% of the plants in 1983 and 1984. The regressions of grain yields (expressed as a percentage of the noninoculated check) on MDM-diseased plants were calculated. Linear regressions best explained the results, and deviations from linearity were not statistically significant. The b values ranged from 0.118 to 0.445 for different location and year combinations. The linear regression that best described the results over all environments and hybrids was Y = 99.7 – 0.242x where Y = predicted yield (as a percentage of the noninoculated check) and x = percentage of diseased plants. Thus, maized warm fosaic virus decreased yields by an average of 2.4% for each 10% increase in MDM-diseased plants. This certainly emphasizes the need to grow hybrids that are resistant to this virus.

Key Words: Disease loss • Corn • Zea mays L. • Corn yields • Corn production

Received for publication July 6, 1987.