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Volatile Monoterpenes Collected from the Air Surrounding Flower Buds of Seven Cotton Genotypes

Texas A&M Univ. Agric. Res. and Ext. Ctr., Rt. 2, Box 589, Corpus Christi, TX 78410

T. L. Payne and B. J. Camp

Dep. of Entomology Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843
Dep. of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843

^* Corresponding author.

Some volatile monoterpenes released by cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) are olfactory cues to boll weevils (Anthonomous grandis Boheman) and some parasites. However, literature examined showed no studies that described or compared the monoterpene odor of different cotton genotypes at different stages of growth or in different environments. The objective of our study was to determine the monoterpene composition of the air surrounding flower buds of five cotton genotypes (‘CAMD-E’, ‘SP-37’, ‘STV-213’, STV-213 glandless, RDC-102 glandless, HG-1, and LEBO) grown under normal agronomic practices at College Station and Corpus Christ!, TX. The monoterpenes were collected from the air surrounding excised buds of each genotype with a Porapak Q effluvial collection system. The quantity of each monoterpene was determined with capillary column gas chromatography utilizing purified standards. The most abundant monoterpenes collected were -pinene, ß-pinene, ß-myrcene, d-limonene, and ß-ocimene. The total quantity of these five monoterpenes was greater for buds of glanded genotypes than for buds of glandless genotypes. Ratios of the five monoterpenes provided a relatively characteristic chemical profile for each genotype. Quantities and ratios of the five monoterpenes collected from buds were dynamic in that they fluctuated with the age of the cotton plant and the environment in which the plants were grown. These results indicate that the five monoterpenes composing, in part, the odor of commercial upland cotton, may differ spatially, temporally, and genetically. This suggests that researchers attempting to identify attractive plant odors should simultaneously compare insect responses and plant odor composition.

Key Words: Allelochemicals • Effluvial collection method • Gossypium hirsutum L. • Host plant resistance • Kairomones • Plant attractants • Semiochemicals

Received for publication May 15, 1987.

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