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Inheritance of Resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. and Fusarium moniliforme Sheldom in Sorghum

Dep. of Agronomy, Throckmorton Hall, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506

L. E. Claflin

Dep. of Plant Pathology, Kansas State Univ.

^* Corresponding author.

Lodging of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor] a serious problem under certain environmental conditions such as water stress or heat stress. Lodging at the base of the stalk or the base of the panicle has been attributed to a complex of stalk rotting organisms, which includes Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid and Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon. The field study reported here evaluated the use of a toothpick inoculation technique to artificially infect plants with these two organisms and determined inheritance of resistance. The experimental material consisted of the 45 F₁s from a 10-parent diallel with no reciprocals, the 10 parents, and five hybrid checks grown in 2 yr under two water regimes. The inoculated and noninoculated plants in a plot were rated for stalk disintegration on a scale of 1 (resistant) to 6 (susceptible). Hybrids differed nificantly and consistently across environments for the two inoculation treatments but not for the noninoculated. General combining ability was significant in both dryland environments for both inoculation treatments; specific combining ability was significant for F. moniliforme in both years but only in 1984 for M. phaseolina. The expression of resistance seems to depend upon the environment, especially for F. moniliforme.

Key Words: General combining ability • Specific combining ability • Artificial inoculation • Senescence • Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.

Received for publication April 9, 1987.