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Modification of Methods for Identifying Populations to be Used for Improving Parents of Elite Single Crosses¹

One method of utilizing populations (either adapted or exotic) hybrid breeding programs, is to cross a population (P_y) to one of the parents (e.g., I₁ of an elite F₁ (I₁ x ₂), self in the F₂, and attempt to recover a line superior to I₁. For a population to be useful in such a program, it must contain favorable alleles not present in the elite F₁. A previous method for identifying such populations lacked generality. A modified method was developed that removes the assumption that frequency of favorable alleles in P_y. is equal for all classes of loci except those for which the F₁ lacks favorable alleles. The modified method provides estimates of gene frequencies (_j and _k) at loci for which the F₁ is heterozygous. These estimates can be used to determine which of the parental inbreds should be improved by crossing to P_y and whether to self directly in the F₂ or to backcross prior to selfing. Effects of relaxing the assumption of complete dominance are shown. The modified method provided estimates nearer the true values than previously proposed methods when applied to a set of hypothetical data.

Key Words: Zea mays L. • Corn breeding • Pedigree breeding • Quantitative genetics • Germplasm evaluation

² Professor of plant genetics, Agronomy Dep., Univ. of Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801.

Received for publication August 1, 1986.

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