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Soybean Seed Coat Development¹

The seed coat of mature soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.I has natural openings the micropyle and pits (pores). To determine when pits appeared during development of the seed coal scanning electron microscopic studies were made at weekly intervals after pollination. Pits appeared in the two accessions studied at about growth stage R7 (beginning maturity), 7 to 14 days before R8 (full maturity). micropyle developed before pollination and usually was an open structure. However, in ‘Union’, a micropylar plug was observed at 3 weeks after pollination. The micropyle was a well defined natural opening in the seedcoat from before pollination to maturity, whereas seed coat pits only began to form as the seed began to desiccate.

Key Words: Glycine max (L.) Merr. • Scanning electron microscopy • Seed quality • Seed anatomy • Seed pathology

² Graduate research assistant; research geneticist, USDA-ARS, and professor, Dep. of Agronomy; professor; and former visiting research associate, Dep. of Plant Pathology, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801. Present address of D.A. Vaughan is Int. Rice Res. Inst., P.O. Box 933, Manila, Philippines 2801 and I.K. Kunwar is c/o A.C. Kunwar, Directors Res. Group, Regional Res. Lab., Hyderabad, India 500007.

Received for publication August 20, 1986.

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