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Chromosomal Arm Location and Gene-Centromere Distance of a Dominant Gene for Male Sterility in Wheat¹

To establish the chromosomal location and gene-centromere distance of a dominant gene (Ms3) for male sterility in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), male-sterile euploid ‘Chris’ plants were crossed with a set of nullisomic-tetrasomics of ‘Chinese Spring’ wheat, and the resulting male-sterile trisomic-monosomic (2n = 42;19'' + 1'' + 1') F,s were testcrossed to their respective ditelosomics (20'' + t'') and/or double ditelosomics (20'' + 21''). The testcross progenies were cytologically examined for meiotic chromosome number and pairing in the pollen mother cells (PMCs). In the testcross progeny of trisomic SD-monosomic 5A, all male-fertile plants (except two) had PMCs in which paternal telocentric(s) remained unpaired at meiosis, and all male-sterile plants (except three) had PMCs in which paternal telocentric(s) were paired with their maternal monosome 5A. Of the five cytologically exceptional plants, three male-sterile plants received a short-arm telocentric and their PMCs had 20'' + t''(5AS) + t''(5AL); two male fertile plants received a long-arm telocentric or isocentric produced by the misdivision of the maternal chromosome 5A. In the remaining 20 testcross progenies, the sterility or fertility of the segregants was not related to the presence or absence of the maternal monosome. These results indicated that the Ms3 gene was located on the short-arm of chromosome 5A. Data from additional crosses including (i) exceptional male-sterile plants [20'' + t''(5AS) + (SAL)] x 20'' + t''(SAL), and (ii) male-sterile plants with 20'' + ttl'' (SAL + 5AS + 5A) – euploid Chris confirmed that the Ms3 gene was located close to the centromere (c.o. = 0.03) on the short-arm of chromosome 5A.

Key Words: Triticum aestivum L. • Ms3 gene • Monosomic analyses • Telosomic analyses

² Professor of agronomy, research specialist, research geneticist, USDA-ARS, and visiting scientist, Northwestern Agric. Univ., Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples Republic of China, respectively, North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105.

Received for publication June 30, 1986.