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Relationship between High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits and Loaf Volume in Wheat as Measured by the Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Sedimentation Test¹

The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the contribution of different high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin protein subunits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to loaf volume as measured by the sodium dodecyl sulphate sedimentation test. Two segregating populations were developed from parental lines differing in their HMW glutenin subunits. ‘Buck Pucara,’ a hard red spring cultivar developed by Criadero Buck in Argentina, was crossed to two spring wheat hexapioids, lines 13 and 14, developed at the Volcani Institute in Israel and derived from wild emmet (Triticum turgidum L. var. Dicoccoides Korn Bowden). Parents, F₂ individual plants, and F₂-derived F₄ segregating lines were evaluated. Combined effects of the good quality glutenin subunits from each of the alleles tested were not additive as previously reported. Bands 5 and 10 in a homozygous state always were associated with higher loaf volumes than bands 3 and 12 or the heterozygous state bands 5 and 10 + 3 and 12, contributed by the D genome. The importance of individual subunits in the A and B genome depended on the interaction with other glutenin proteins. There was evidence for intra-allelic interactions among HMW glutenin subunits in a heterozygous state. Hybrid wheat breeders may find it difficult to predict loaf volume based on the banding pattern of the corresponding parental combinations.

Key Words: Protein quality • Triticum Dicoccoides • Triticum aestivum L. • Electrophoretic analysis • Heritability • Heterosis

² Former graduate student (now, wheat breeder with Criadero Buck, C.C. 23, La Dulce, Provincia de Buenos Aires 7637, Argentina) and professor, Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR 97331, respectively; and triticale breeder with Instituto Agronomico do Parana (IAPAR), C.P. 1331, Londrina, Brazil.

Received for publication June 5, 1986.