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Reactions of Oat, Barley, and Wheat to Infection with Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Isolates¹

Two isolates of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) were used determine if oat (Avena sativa L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) cultivars with diverse sources of BYDV tolerance reacted differently when infected with either of the two isolates. Seedlings were infested in the one-leaf stage with viruliferous oat-bird cherry aphids (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) carrying either isolate RPV or PAV. Infested and noninfested (control) seedlings were transplanted to the field in a split-plot design with three replications. Cultivars were assigned at random to whole plots. The RPV and PAV isolates and control were assigned to subplots. Analyses of six different plant and agronomic characters showed that ‘Ogle’ oat and ‘CM’ barley were more susceptible to the PAV isolate than to the RPV isolate. ‘Porter’ and Accession 1575 oat and the wheat ‘Elmo’ and ‘Caldwell’ were tolerant to both isolates, while ‘Clintland 64’ oat and ‘Abe’ wheat were susceptible to both isolates. Therefore, some cultivars react differently when infected with the RPV or PAV isolates of BYDV. Infection with single BYDV isolates in all cultivars had little effect on harvest index; however, BYDV had significant effects on plant height, number of tillers per plant, and grain yield. Infection by both RPV and PAV caused a significant increase in BYDV severity in all cultivars compared to infection by PAV or RPV singly.

Key Words: Rhopalosiphum padi L. • Oat-bird cherry aphid • Avena sativa L. • Hordeum vulgare L. • Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell. • Disease tolerance

² Graduate research assistant and professor, Dep. of Agronomy; research entomologist, USDA-ARS; and associate professor, Dep. of Entomology, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN 47907, respectively.

Received for publication May 12, 1986.