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Resistance to Fusarium Wilt in selected Inbred Lines of Crimson Clover¹

A Fusarium wilt disease (caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlect.) occurs on crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) in Mississippi. Infection can result in death of plants of all ages, and existing cultivars are not resistant. The objectives of this study were to indentify resistance to Fusarium wilt in crimson clover and to develop nonsegregating resistant inbred lines. Cultivars and derived inbred lines were screened for resistance to Fusarium wilt during five spring seasons in the greenhouse. Inbred lines were developed by selfing individual plants with few or no disease symptoms. The S₃ lines were compared with parent cultivars and with each other in 1984, and S₄ lines were compared in 1985. Of 44 S₃ lines, 28 had significantly (P < 0.05) lower mean disease scores than parent cultivars and were considered to manifest resistance, 14 did not differ from parent cultivars, and two were more susceptible. Possible reasons for a lack of resistance in some lines are discussed. Resistance was observed in S₃ lines from cultivars ‘Auburn’, ‘Autauga’, and ‘Tibbee’, but not from ‘Chief’, ‘Dixie’ or ‘Talladega’. Disease scores of $3 lines considered resistant, in comparison to parent cultivars, represented a broad range with numerous significant differences between them. Segregation for resistance within S₁, S₂, and S₃ lines was indicated by differences in disease scores of derived S₃ and S₄ lines. An absence of segregation within S₃ lines with high resistance, as indicated by similar low disease scores of S₄ progeny, suggests that these lines may be true-breeding and suitable for use in germplasm improvement program

Key Words: Trifolium incarnatum L. • Fusarium oxysporum Schlect. • Disease resistance

² Research plant pathologist and research agronomist, USDA-ARS, Dep. of Plant Pathology and Weed Science and Dep. of Agronomy, Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS, 39762, respectively.

Received for publication February 6, 1986.