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Response of Five Winter Wheat Cultivars to Growth Regulators and Increased Nitrogen¹

Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are widely used in Europe for lodging control in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown at high N rates. A 2-yr experiment was conducted in Illinois to evaluate the effects of three PGRs on grain yield, plant height, and lodging in five cultivars of soft red winter wheat grown at normal and high N rates. Increasing the N rate from 84 to 168 kg ha^–1 decreased average yield by 12%. Mefluidide {N-[2,4-Dimethyl-5-[[(trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl]amino]phenyl]acetamide} at 0.03 kg ha^–1 applied at Feekes-Large growth stage 5 decreased yield by 43%. But CCC 1(2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride] at 3.37 kg ha^–1 applied at growth stage 5 did not affect yields, and ethephon [(2-Chloroethyl) phosphonic acid] applied at growth stage 9 had no effect on yield when applied at 0.28 kg ha^–1, but decreased yield 6% when applied at 0.56 kg ha^–1. A significant cultivar x treatment interaction resulted from differential cultivar sensitivity to mefluidide injury and to yield reduction caused by ethephon. While most PGR treatments were quite effective in decreasing plant height and lodging, these favorable results must be weighed against occasional yield decreases, especially when used on certain cultivars and under less favorable conditions.

Key Words: Mefluidide • Ethephon • Nitrogen rate • Triticum aestivum L.

² Assistant professor, USDA-ARS plant physiologist, and professor, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801.

Received for publication August 19, 1985.