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Multidirectional Selection for Fiber Strength in Upland Cotton¹

Selection experiments are usually conducted in one or two directions, whereas studies involving multidirectional selection are rare. This multidirectional selection experiment for T₁ fiber strength was conducted through five cycles within a genetically variable population of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to investigate the direct and correlated responses to selection for that trait. The original population was a mixture comprised of equal amounts of mature F₂ seed from 45 crosses. The stronger-fibered 10% of the plants, as well as the weaker-fibered 10%, were selected within each population in each cycle. Selfed seed from selected plants were used to form new populations for testing and further selection. Analyses of variance detected significant differences among populations for all traits in selection cycles 3, 4, and 5, except for fiber fineness in cycle 4. No genotype x environment interactions were detected for T₁ fiber strength. Selection for fiber strength was effective. After four cycles of selection under enforced self-pollination, half the populations still possessed sufficient genetic variability to show a significant selection response in the fifth selection cycle. One generation of reverse selection for fiber strength was often followed by dramatic increases in variability and in subsequent selection response; however, two or more low-strength selections had a detrimental effect on later selections for high fiber strength. Selection for stronger fiber tended to result in lower picked and pulled lint percents; increased 2.5 and 50% span lengths, uniformity index, T₀ fiber strength, and earliness; and variable response for lint yield and fiber fineness.

Key Words: Gossypium hirsutum L. • Selection response • Correlated response • Realized heritability • Lint yield • Lint percent • Fiber length • Fiber length uniformity • Fiber fineness • Earliness

² Former graduate research assistant, Dep. of Agronomy (now, cotton breeder, Terra Seed Co., Lubbock, TX 79408); professor, Dep. of Agronomy; and professor, Dep. of Statistics, respectively, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, Ok 74078.

Received for publication October 10, 1985.

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