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Techniques for Identifying Tolerance of Soybean to Phytotoxic Substances in Wheat Straw¹

Experiments have shown that substances in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw are phytotoxic to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. We evaluated techniques for screening soybean germplasm to these growth-reducing substances and studied factors affecting this trait. Techniques used were: i) pots in a greenhouse, ii) large wooden flats in a greenhouse, and iii) field evaluations. The soil mixture in the greenhouse contained 20 g straw/kg soil. Results from the flat technique were highly correlated with the pot method, the technique commonly used. Field evaluations were not highly correlated with greenhouse results. Seed age and seed source affected the tolerant response, whereas seed size was not an important factor.

Key Words: Glycine max (L.) Merr. • Allelopathy • Seed source and age • Wheat residue

² Former graduate student (now: resident of Wisconsin Rapids, WI 54494), former professor of agronomy (now: senior wheat breeder, CR Seeds, Bay, AR 72411), and professor, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701.

Received for publication May 13, 1985.