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Respiration Rates of Soybean Cultivars¹

Dark respiration rates of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plants and organs, grown in the glasshouse, were measured by infrared gas analysis at several stages of development. Two early maturing cultivars, Hodgson (high yielding) and Chippewa (low yielding), not differ significantly in respiration rates on either a plant or a dry weight basis for any organ at comparable stages of development. Two late maturing cultivars, A3127 (high yielding) and Wayne (low yielding), differed significantly in root, but not shoot, respiration on a plant basis. The difference was entirely due to A3127 having a smaller root system, because the cultivars did not differ in respiration rate on a dry weight basis. A3127 showed 21% (1982) and 43% (1983) less root respiration than Wayne at all stages of development. Distribution of respiratory C efflux by whole plants also differed significantly for these two cultivars, with A3127 showing a greater proportion of its efllux coming from stem tissue in compensation for a lesser proportion from the root. For a l-week period during early flowering, respiratory C losses amounted to 36% of C assimilated. Respiration rates on a dry weight basis diminished with plant development for all organs. The organs' respiration rates correlated significantly with their N concentrations.

Key Words: Glycine max (L.) Merr. • Carbon losses • Infrared gas analysis

² Postdoctoral research associate and professor, respectively, Dep. of Agronomy, Iowa State Univ. Present address of Sachie Kishitaniis Lab. of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agric., Tohoku Univ., Sendai 980, Japan.

Received for publication August 8, 1985.

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