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Relationship between Seed-Filling Period and Yield among Soybean Breeding Lines¹

It has been suggested that seed-filling period (SFP) and seed yield are positively related in soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between seed yield and SFP among F₅ lines. Estimates of SFP were also made in the F₄ and F₅ generations, and a reproductive period estimate was also made in the F₂. All genotypes came from the cross ‘Williams’ x ‘Kanrich’ and were selected for differences in SFP. Replicated yield and SFP data were taken in 1982 and 1983; soil types for those years were a Drummer silty clay loam (Typic Haplaquall) and a Catlin silt loam (Typic Argiudoll), respectively. Data taken in the F₂ and F₄ were on single plants and those taken in the F₅ were on unreplicated rows. The relationship between reproductive period in the F₂ and combined 1982 and 1983 yield data was nonexistent (r = 0.00), while that between SFP in the F₄ and F₅ and the combined 1982 and 1983 yield data was significantly positive. Within 1982 and 1983, in three maturity groups, a positive relationship between yield and four estimates of SFP was found in most cases, the exception being Maturity Group II lines in 1983. In addition, the three highest yielding lines, over years and maturity groups, all came from F₄ plants selected as having a long SFP in the F₄ generation. These data suggest a positive relationship between SFP and yield and that progress for yield may be made by selecting for SFP.

Key Words: Glycine max (L.) Merr. • Soybean growth stages • Indirect selection

² Graduate research assistant, Univ. of Illinois; and research geneticist, USDA-ARS and assistant professor, Dep. of Agronomy Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801.

Received for publication February 19, 1985.

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