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Cotton Resistance to 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid Spray Drift¹

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is very sensitive to the phenoxy herbicides, in particular, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D). This sensitivity results in damage causing significant economic loss each year. A study was conducted at the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Etter, TX, on a sherm silty clay loam soil (fine, mixed, mesic, Torrertic Paleustoll) in 1981 and 1982 to determine if there were genetic variability for resistance to 2,4,-D damage. Twelve medium-early and early cultivars of cotton were grown under limited irrigation. In mid-June of each year, the cuitivars were exposed to 2,4-D drift from farmer applications on neighboring fields. One cultivar, Paymaster 145, consistantly showed less 2,4-D damage and correspondingly higher yields. Gin turnout and micronaire were also negatively correlated with 2,4-D damage, while staple length was positively correlated.

Key Words: 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid • Phytotoxicity • Herbicide damage • Plant growth regulator

² Research scientist, Texas Agric. Exp. Stn.; research agronomist, USDA-ARS; assistant professor, Texas Agric. Exp. Stn.,; and research geneticist, USDA-ARS, respectively.

Received for publication April 25, 1985.