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Inheritance of Dhurrin Content in Mature Sorghum Leaves¹

Seedlings of both KS8 and N32 sorghum[Sorghumb bicolor (L.) Moench] were high in dhurrin [p-hydroxy-(S)-mandelonitrile-ß- D-glucoside] and thus in hydrocyanic acid potential (HCN-p), but the HCN-p of mature leaves from field-grown plants of KS8 was only about one-tenth as high as that of N32. A study of the inheritance of this large difference between KS8 and N32 revealed that a single major gene pair was responsible. There were no obvious maternal effects and F_l'S were generally intermediate in HCN-p level betweent he two parents, indicating that neither high nor low HCN-p was completely dominant. HCN-p level was inttuenced by genetic background since mean values of the low and intermediate HCN-pcl asses increased slightly as the proportion of genetic background ascribable to N32 was increased. A survey of 102 additional sorghums revealed that the gene for low HCN-p carried by KS8 does not appear to occur widely because KS8h ad the lowest HCN-pof all entries assayed.

Key Words: Cyanogenesis • Genetics • Hydrocyanic acid • p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde • Prussic acid • Sorghumbi color (L.) Moench • Spectrophotometric assay

² Supervisory research geneticist, USDA-ARS; George Holmes professor of agronomy; and supervisory research geneticist, USDA-ARS, respectively.

Received for publication March 27, 1985.