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Characteristics and Performance of Male-Sterile and Hybrid Seed Produced by Cross-Pollination in Hard Red Spring Wheat¹

Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) seed produced by cross-pollination on male-sterile plants in male-sterile increase and hybrid seed production blocks was characterized and evaluated using several laboratory and field tests. Male steriles (A-lines) in both types of crossing blocks had lower seed sets and lower seed yields than their pollinators (maintainers or B-lines and restorers or R-lines). Seed produced by cross-pollination on A-lines had lower test weight, lower germination percentage and less seedling growth, but higher seed weight, higher protein percentage, and higher leachate conductivity than selfed seed produced on their respective B- or R-lines. The crossed seed germinated and grew more slowly under osmotic stress than selfed seed but showed no germination differences after exposure to high and low temperature stresses.

Key Words: Triticum aestivum • Germination Temperature-stress • Osmotic-stress • Seed production • Seed vigor • Seed protein • Leachate conductivity

² Former research associate (presently hybrid corn breeder, Sigco Res., Breckenridge, MN 56520) and professor, respectively.

Received for publication March 5, 1985.

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