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A Dwarf Outcrossing Mutant in Common Bean¹

This study was conducted to determine if a dwarf mutant in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) could be used to facilitate outcrossing. In one M₂ progeny line of common bean, seven plants were discovered with a dwarf mutant phenotype. Tests of M₃ progenies derived from field grown M₂ plants revealed outcrossing rates of 5 to 47%. Pollen staining tests using potassium iodide or acetocarmine indicated no unusual pollen abortion rates. Pod set from plants grown in insect-proof enclosures were comparable to unprotected dwarf plants. Open flowers of dwarf plants manually crossed between 0630 and 1430 h with either ‘Sprite’ or University of Florida breeding line ‘7-1404’ pollen resulted in cross-pollinated progeny at the rate of 26 to 86%. The frequency of cross-pollination declined with time of day. Evidence is presented supporting the hypothesis that delay of anther dehiscence is responsible for the elevated levels of cross-pollination. The exploitation of this mutant in a breeding program to increase rates of genetic recombination is discussed. The proposed name for this mutant is dwarf outcrossing (do).

Key Words: Induced mutant • Cross-pollination • Phaseolus vulgaris L. • Population improvement

² Former graduate research assistant and professor, Vegetable Crops Dep., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.

Received for publication October 4, 1984.