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Plant Regeneration through Somatic Embryogenesis in Common Bermudagrass Tissue Culture¹

Tissue culture techniques could be useful for improving common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.). Calli originating from immature inflorescences grew larger on a modified N₆ than on MS medium. Both media contained 1 mg L^–1 (2,4-dicho lorophenoxy) acetic acid (2,4-D) and either 20 or 60 g L^–1 sucrose. Embryogenic calli were produced from 16 of 19 immature inflorescences, less than 0.5 cm long, on Ne medium with 1 mg L^–1 2,4-D and 60 g L^–1 sucrose, while only non-embryogenic calli were induced from those over 1.5 cm length. Embryogenic calli forming somatic embryos spontaneously have been maintained without loss of competence for 80 weeks by subculturing at 4-week intervals. Numerous plantlets were regenerated from each callus upon transfer to hormone-free Ne medium and were grown to maturity in soil. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the bermudagrass regeneration through embryogenesis.

Key Words: Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. • Inflorescenses • Callus culture

² Graduate assistant, Dep. of Agronomy; associate professor, Dep. of Horticulture and Forestry; associate professor, Dep. of Agronomy; Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701.

Received for publication August 8, 1984.