Crop Science Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education
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Published in Crop Sci 25:1055-1058 (1985)
© 1985 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Relationship Between Fatty Acid Composition of Vegetative and Reproductive Structures of Six Soybean Genotypes1

B. A. Martin and R. W. Rinne2

The objective of this study was to determine if correlations exist between seed oil composition and lipid composition of other plant organs. Six soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes, Williams, Wells, AS, A6, N782245 and PI 123440, were used to determine the effects of selection for seed oil composition on fatty acid composition of other plant parts and cultured cells. Analysis of fatty acid composition in the seedling stage would permit selection, prior to flowering, of parents for improvement of seed oil fatty acid composition in a breeding program. This would allow a breeder to select and intermate selections in the same season. Use of cultured cells could provide a more efficient means of selection of mutants in the fatty acid desaturase pathway. The results of the study showed no significant correlation between the relative content (mol %) of any fatty acid in the seed and that fatty acid in other tissues across all six genotypes. Significant differences in fatty acid composition were observed in roots, leaves and cultured cells between some genotypes. These differences were similar, though of lesser magnitude, to those observed in the seed. The A6 genotype had significantly higher stearic acid content in the polar lipid fraction from cultured cells and root tissue than other genotypes examined. The A5, A6, and PI 123440 genotypes, which had low linolenic acid in seeds, had low linolenic acid in the triacylglyceride fraction of roots and leaves. Another line, N782245, with low linolenic acid in its seeds, did not. Our results indicate that seed oil composition is developmentally controlled by mechanisms which are not consistently expressed in other tissues. Therefore selection for specific fatty acid composition in vegetative plant parts or cultured cells may not be an effective breeding method for altering final seed composition.

Key Words: Glycine max (L.) Merr. • Tissue culture • Linolenic acid • Oleic acid

1 Cooperative investigations of the ARS, USDA and Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 and supported in part by Grant no. 80465 from the research foundation of the American Soybean Association.

2 Research associate, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Illinois and plant physiologist, USDA-ARS and professor of agronomy, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801.

Received for publication January 7, 1985.




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Environmental Quality		 The Plant Genome
Copyright © 1985 by the Crop Science Society of America.