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Efficient Selection for Brown Stem Rot Resistance in Soybeans Under Greenhouse Screening Conditions¹

Brown stem rot (BSR), caused by Phialophora gregata (Allington and Chamberlain) W. Gams, is a soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] disease, which causes vascular discoloration of stems and necrosis of the leaves. Because of the importance of BSR and the lack of BSR resistance displayed by most soybean Cultivars, BSR resistance has become a major objective of many soybean breeding programs. Efficient selection strategies will facilitate such breeding efforts. The purpose of this study was to determine the relative value of ratings of BSR leaf and stem symptoms in selecting for BSR resistance under greenhouse screening conditions. This was done by comparing the heritabilities of leaf and stem symptom ratings. Heritability estimates were based on variances among and within F₃ families from two crosses between susceptible and resistant soybean lines. The broad sense heritabillty estimates (on a single F2 plant basis) for leaf symptoms were two to three times as large as those for stem symptoms (0.88 vs. 0.44 in one cross, and 0.65 vs. 0.21 in the other). Under greenhouse screening conditions, selection for BSR resistance, based on leaf symptoms, should be more effective than selection based on stem symptoms.

Key Words: Phialophora gregata • Glycine max (L.) Merr. • Disease resistance • Heritability • Disease screening • Soybean breeding

² Former graduate research assistant, professor of plant genetics, Dep. of Agron., and research plant pathologist, USDA, ARS, Dep. of Plant Pathology, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801.

Received for publication May 14, 1984.

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