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Evaluation of Physical Grain Quality in the BS17 and BSI (HS)CI Synthetics of Maize¹

The objective of this study was to determine the potential for selection of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes that produce grain resistant to physical injury and to study relationships among physical grain traits during inbreeding. Materials evaluated were S₁ and S₂ lines derived from BS17 and BSI(HS)C1. Eight traits (kernel shear strength, visual endosperm rating, date of anthesis, grain harvest moisture, grain-breakage susceptibility, weight per 300 kernels, volume per 300 kernels, and kernel density) of BS 17 S₁ and S₂ lines were evaluated in 1979 and 1980, respectively, and of BSI(HS)CI S₁ and S₂ lines in 1980 and 1981, respectively. All materials were grown at two locations. The analyses of variance combined over environments revealed that significant genetic variability among genotypes existed for all traits. Genotype x environment interactions were generally significant for all traits except shear strength and kernel density. Estimated genotype x environment interaction variance components were 0 to 66% as large as estimated genotypic variance components. Variance component heritability estimates (entry-mean basis) for grain breakage ranged from 0.48 to 0.73. The optimum harvest moisture range for preservation of physical grain quality was 19 to 26%. Deviations from this optfimum grain moisture range resulted in increased grain breakage susceptibility. Grain resistant to breakage tended to be smaller, denser, and higher in shear strength. Correlations between traits indicated that entry means of S₁ line traits would have predictive value for the same traits of the S₂ lines. The data indicated that selection of S₂ lines for breakage-resistant grain would cesult in earlier-flowering S₂ lines with smaller kernels.

Key Words: Corn • Zea mays L. • Grain breakage • Physical grain quality

² Former graduate assistant, now corn breeder with Pfister Hybrid Corn Company, El Paso, IL; and professor of plant breeding, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA. (Assistantship for D.R. LeFord funded by the Iowa Corn Promotion Board.)

Received for publication April 30, 1984.

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				R. A. Malvar, P. Revilla, J. Moreno-Gonzalez, A. Butron, J. Sotelo, and A. Ordas White Maize: Genetics of Quality and Agronomic Performance Crop Sci., July 1, 2008; 48(4): 1373 - 1381. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]