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Effect of Cultivar, Environment, and Their Interaction and Stability Analyses on Milling and Baking Quality of Soft Red Winter Wheat¹

The effect of cultivar, environment, and their interactions on soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) quality has never been determinated in the southeastern United States. In this study, 22 soft wheat cultivars and 2 hard wheat cultivars were grown in 12 southeastern environments in a randomized complete block design having two replications. Flour yield, whole grain protein percent, particle size index, and alkaline water retention capacity were measured. Highly significant differences were detected among environments and cultivars for each of the quality variables. The cultivar x environment interaction was highly significant for all variables. Cultivars with good soft wheat quality and good stability were identified. The cultivar means from an environment were generally highly significantly correlated with the regional cultivar means indicating that for preliminary quality evaluations, data from one environment is sufficient for ranking cultivars.

Key Words: Flour yield • Protein • Particle size index • Alkaline water retention capacity

² Research geneticist, USDA-ARS, Plant Genet. and Germplasm Inst., Beltsville Agric. Res. Ctr., Beltsville, MD 20705. (Current address: Monsanto Agric. Products Co., 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63167); research chemist, USDA-ARS, Soft Wheat Quality Lab., OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691; assistant professor, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Mary_land, College Park, MD 20742; research chemist, USDA-ARS, Soft Wheat Quality Lab., OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691; professor, Dep. of Agronomy, Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061; associate professor, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742; and associate professor, Dep. of Agronomy, Georgia Stn., Experiment, GA 30212.

Received for publication December 9, 1983.

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