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Genetic Variability and Correlations in a Modified Endosperm Texture Opaque-2 Maize Population¹

To better understand the relationship between endosperm texture, protein quality, and other seed traits in modified endosperm (vitreous) opaque-2 maize (Zea mays L.), estimates of additive and dominance variance, heritability, and genetic correlations were obtained for a population designated Disease Oil modified opaque-2. Sixty S₁ families were grown in 1977. In 1980, 240 S₂ families (four from each S₁ family) were evaluated. Families were measured for percent and degree of endosperm modification, 100 kernel weight, kernel density, plant height, percent lysine, percent protein, and lysine per 100 g of protein. All traits showed significant genetic variance. Heritability estimates were high to intermediate for all traits except kernel density. Additive genetic variance was significant and dominance variance nonsignificant for percent lysine and protein, lysine per 100 g protein and plant height. Dominance variance was significant and additive variance nonsignificant for endosperm modification, 100 kernel weight, kernel volume and density. Endosperm modification was negatively correlated with percent lysine, percent protein, and lysine per 100 g protein. Therefore, selection for endosperm modification should be accompanied by selection for lysine content to insure levels similar to non-modified opaque-2 material. Endosperm modification was highly positively correlated with kernel density.

Key Words: Additive variance • Dominance variance • Kernel density • Kernel volume • Kernel weight • Lysine • Protein • Recurrent selection • Zea mays L.

² Assistant professor, Dep. of Agronomy and Soils, College of Agricultural Sciences, Univ. of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00708 (formerly graduate research assistant, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Illinois), and professors of plant genetics, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana.

Received for publication March 22, 1984.

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