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Complementarity of Genes for High Groat-Protein Percentage from Avena sativa L. and A. sterilis L.¹

Seventy F₂-derived lines from each of 10 matings between oat (Avena spp.) strains having high groat-protein percentage (PP)were examined for transgressive segregation and genetic variation to determine the degree of complementarity between high-PP genes from the cultivated (A. sativa L.) and the wild oat (A. sterilis L.). Six ("intergroup") matings involve done parent containing high-PP genes from A. sativa and one parent of chiefly A. sativa parentage, but containing high-PP genes from A. sterilis. Four ("intragroup") matings were between two parents with high-PP genes from within the same species. Transgressive segregation at the 5% probability level occurred at rates of 10.4 and 4.3% in inter- and intragroup matings, respectively. Corresponding rates at the 1% probability level were 6.9 and 2.2%, respectively. Most transgressive segregates resulted from three intergroup matings. Mean PP in two of the matings, ‘Otee’ x PI469111 and ‘Dal’ x PI469111, had values equal to that of PI469111, the high-PP parent. Both also exhibited the largest estimates of genetic variance. Predicted response to selection for PP (10% selection intensity) ranged from 0.44 to 0.96 percentage points, and correlated response of grain yield ranged from –94 (–3.7%) to –443 kg/ha (–17.5%). High-PP lines with above-average grain yield did occur, however. This study demonstrated that genes for high PP are more likely to complement each other in interspecific matings of A. sativa and A. sterilis than are similar genes from in traspecific mating is neither species alone. However, some intergroup matings produced larger numbers of transgressive segregates than did others.

Key Words: Introgression • Transgressive segregation • Wild germplasm • Oat breeding

² Research geneticist, USDA-ARS (formerly at Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011), now at Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506; C. F. Curtiss Distinguished Professor in Agriculture, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011, respectively.

Received for publication September 6, 1983.