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CO₂-Enrichment Effects on Soybean Physiology. II. Effects of Stage-Specific CO₂ Exposure¹

Soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr ‘Wye’] were exposed to CO₂-enriched atmospheres during specific stages of development Carbon dioxide enrichment from early pod development until plant maturity and from emergence to maturity increased seed yield 27 and 36%, respectively, compared with plants exposed to the normal atmospheric level of CO₂. Plants receiving supplemental CO₂ from either emergence to anthesis or from anthesis through early pod development did not exhibit an increase in grain yield. During each period of exposure, CO₂-enriched plants had higher rates of photosynthesis and accumulated significantly more starch, sucrose, and glucose in the leaves compared with nonenriched controls. After exposure to CO₂ was terminated, rates of photosynthesis declined to control values and the accumulated leaf carbohydrates were rapidly depleted. Accumulation and subsequent utilization of stored photosynthate did not appear to influence seed yield except when these stored reserves were available at the onset of the grain-filling period. Seed yield increases attributable to CO₂ enrichment were the result of more pods per plant rather than increases in seed size. From the analysis of photosynthetic data and the trends in carbon accumulation and utilization, it appears that soybeans could support a higher degree of reproductive growth.

Key Words: Yield • Carbon partitioning • Starch • Glucose • Sucrose • Dry matter distribution

² Research scientists, Central Research and Development Dep., E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc., Wilmington, DE 19898.

Received for publication October 7, 1983.

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