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Published in Crop Sci 24:1023-1026 (1984)
© 1984 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Polar-Glycerolipid Metabolism in Soybean Seed with Genetically Altered Unsaturated Fatty Acid Composition1

Brett F. Carver and Richard F. Wilson2

Recurrent selection methodology has been utilized in the development of a soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotype, designated as N78-2245, that contains a high concentration of oleic acid (18:1) and lower concentrations of linoleic (18:2) and linolenic (18:3) acids compared to seed from typical soybean cultivars. Ontogenetic changes in total polar-glycerolipid (TPL) composition were characterized for the first time in N78-2245 and in ‘Dare’, a typical soybean cultivar. The objective of this work was to determine whether the overall rate of 18:l-desaturation changed with increased seed for a given genotype and to assess the level of 18:l-desaturase activity in genotypes that differed in 18:1 content. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) was found to be more active metabolically than any other polar-glycerolipid. Genotypic differences in the concentration of PC species enriched in 18:1 were expressed throughout seed growth. At 45 days after flowering the 18:1-PC concentration in the high-18:l genotype, N78-2245, was 4.2-times greater than that in the standard cultivar, Dare. As these genotypes matured the concentration of 18:1-PC declined, and the concentration of species enriched with linoleic acid (18:2) increased. The overall rate of 18:1-PC desaturation activity did not change with increased seed age in either genotype. Hence developmental changes in 18:1-PC species concentration were not the result of changes in acyldesaturase activity. A reduced rate of overall desaturation activity in N78-2245 as compared with Dare, however, may have contributed to the higher levels of 18:1 in glycerolipids from N78-2245 seed.

Key Words: Glycine max (L.) Merr. • Phosphatidylcholine • Molecular species • Linolenic acid • Oleic acid • Linoleic acid • Acyl desaturation

1 Cooperative investigations of the USDA-ARS and the North Carolina Agric. Res. Serv., Raleigh, NC and supported in part by Grant no. 80465 from the Research Foundation of the Am. Soybean Assoc. This research represents partial fulfillment of requirements for the M.S. degree for B.F. Carver. Paper no. 8809 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agric. Res. Serv. at Raleigh.

2 Research assistant, crop science; and supervisory plant physiologist, USDA-ARS,and associateprofessor of crop science, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 27695-7620.

Received for publication April 18, 1983.




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