Crop Science Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education
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Published in Crop Sci 24:948-951 (1984)
© 1984 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Variation in Phenotype and Chromosome Number in Alfalfa Protoclones Regenerated from Nonmutagenized Calli1

Lowell B. Johnson2, D. L. Stuteville2, S. E. Schlarbaum2,3, and D. Z. Skinner2

Two populations of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) regenerated from nonmutagenized mesophyll protoplasts were compared to their parent clones (RS-K1 and RS-K2) for changes in phenotype and in chromosome complement. Thirty and 45% of RS-K1 and RS-K2 protoclones, respectively, had 32 chromosomes (2n = 4x = 32). Chromosomal changes observed included increased ploidy, aneuploidy, and translocations. Some protoclones were more susceptible to winter damage than were their parents, and various other phenotypic changes were observed. Dry weight forage yields for four harvests were obtained from ramets in replicated field plots the year after transplanting. Protoclones significantly superior, equal, and inferior (P = 0.05) to their respective parents were obtained, with the latter two classes greatly predominating. Between the third and fourth cuttings, a crown rot killed 60% of the protoclones. Fusarium solani and/or F. roseum and Rhizoctonia solani were isolated from these plants. One RS-K2 protoclone appeared to exhibit resistance under this naturally-occurring epidemic.

Key Words: Medicago sativa L. • Lucerne • Protoclonal variation • Protoplast • Somaclonal variation

1 Contribution no. 84-30-J, Dep. of Plant Pathology, Kansas Agric. Exp. Stn., Manhattan, KS 66506. Research supported in part by USDA-SEA Research Agreement no. 5901-0410-9-0336-0 and National Science Foundation Grant PCM 8022556.

2 Professor, professor, former research associate, and research assistant, respectively. Dep. of Plant Pathology, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506.

3 Assistant professor, Dep. of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37901.

Received for publication October 21, 1983.




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Copyright © 1984 by the Crop Science Society of America.