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Recurrent Selection for Tolerance to Phytophthora Rot in Soybean¹

Evidence suggests that tolerance to phytophthora rot caused by Phytophthora megasperma Drechs. f. sp. glycinea Kuan and Erwin is a quantitative character of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Recurrent selection can be an effective method of improving soybean populations for quantitative characters. The objective of our study was to evaluate the use of recurrent selection by S₁-line evaluation for the development of a soybean population with improved tolerance to phytophthora rot. An intermated population, designated PMGT, was developed from 10 high-yielding lines and cultivars from Maturity Groups I to IIl with moderate or better tolerance levels. Each cycle of selection of 1 year included the growing of S₀ plants in Puerto Rico during the winter to obtain S₁ lines, evaluation of the S₁-lines for tolerance in the greenhouse and in a field nursery, selection of the most tolerant lines before flowering, and recombination of selected lines. Progress from selection was evaluated by comparing the mean performance of the parents for the cycle 0, 1, 2, and 3 populations in the greenhouse using the myceliuminoculum-layer method and in a field nursery using visually rated hill plots. There was a significant linear improvement in mean tolerance score from cycle 0 to 3. Total realized gain was 21% when evaluated in the greenhouse and 10% when evaluated in the field. Genetic improvement in the population indicated that recurrent selection by S₁-line evaluation is an effective method for improving populations for tolerance to phytophthora rot. The success of selection by S₁-line evaluation indicated that early-generation testing can be effective for determining the level of tolerance to phytophthora rot.

Key Words: Glycine max (L.) Merr. • Breeding • Quantitative inheritance • Phytophthora megasperma Drechs. f. sp. glycinea Kuan and Erwin • S₁-line evaluation

² Formerly associate professor, Dep. of Agronomy Ohio Agric. Res. and Dev. Ctr., The Ohio State Univ., Wooster, OH 44691. Now research scientist III Asgrow Seed Co., Redwood Falls, MN 56283; and professor, Dep. of Plant Pathology, Ohio Agric. Res. and Dev. Ctr., The Ohio State Univ., Wooster, OH 44691.

Received for publication April 1, 1983.

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